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Secret BPS task force on changing Boston Latin admissions not sitting well with BLS alumni group

The leaders of the Boston Latin School Association, which represents alumni at the city's oldest exam school, are ripping the idea of a BPS committee with no BLS representation coming up with ways to change the way students get into the school to increase the number of black and Hispanic students.

"News of a secret working group examining admission policy is quite unsettling," association Chairwoman Charmane Higgins and association President Peter Kelly write in a letter today to School Superintendent Tommy Chang. A copy of the letter was posted to the We Are BLS Facebook group.

Rather than tinkering with the current entrance requirements - based on grades and scores on the ISEE test, they write, BPS should be looking at ways to ensure minority students can get better grades and do better on the test. They point to recent BPS decisions to expand Advanced Work classes and a free prep program for the ISEE as examples.

Their complete letter:

July 3, 2016

Dr. Tommy Chang
Superintendent
Boston Public Schools
Bruce C. Bolling Building
2300 Washington Street, 5th Floor
Roxbury, MA 02119

Dear Dr. Chang:

We find the news reported in the Boston Globe yesterday regarding the empaneling of a secret working group to study exam school admissions policy deeply concerning. Through this letter, we seek to make you aware of our thoughts on this matter and our firm and unwavering commitment to ensure Boston Latin School remains the beacon of excellence in public secondary education in this country that it has always been.

News of a secret working group examining admission policy is quite unsettling; indeed, we were surprised to learn that Mayor Walsh was himself unaware of the formation of the group given his public statements of late affirming his position that he “will continue to support BLS standards of excellence and rigor,” and “will never take steps that diminish that level of excellence, or put it at risk.” We share the concern that a secret process will not advance our mutual goals properly and will, in fact, work in disservice to our common aspirations.

This process must be a matter of public discourse and it must proceed with the a priori expectation that the achievement-oriented nature of exam school education and the culture of high expectation at Boston Latin Academy, Boston Latin School and the O’Bryant School of Mathematics & Science should be off-limits to any secret working group. This model has long worked well for children of all races, creeds and backgrounds. It has, in fact, worked to the exceptional benefit of this city.

Attention to the matter of enrollment by children of color at our school and the erosion of system-wide support at the K-6 level to prepare them for the rigors of exam school study has been a valuable outcome of the city-wide self-reflection over the last six months. The Board of Trustees of the Boston Latin School Association holds firmly to the belief that structural impediments to exam school enrollment at the K-6 level must be addressed. To that end, the BLSA applauds important steps that the city is undertaking to address these shortcomings, including:

Expansion of the advanced work curriculum to more elementary schools and the elevation of curricular rigor and expectation across the elementary school system;

Budgeting for more pre-K seats toward a goal of universal provision of this service in-line with accepted, research-based wisdom regarding the societal benefit of early formal education;

Investment in substantially more seats in the successful BPS-BLSA partnership program, the Exam School Initiative, that provides educational and test preparation services to rising 6th grade students across the city; and,

Reinvigoration of outreach programs through community organizations and all elementary schools to ensure that every family in the city understands the nature of exam school education including the rigorous expectations and great merits of this model.

While access to exam school education is a matter that requires attention and is already under way, work toward change in admission criteria should proceed with great caution and only through a wholly transparent process. Criteria for admission to Boston Latin School and the city’s other exam schools has, in fact, changed numerous times across the decades.

Thoughtful, well-reasoned changes to admission policy over the years have not resulted in diminution of quality as measured by the college, career and civic success of our graduates – of every race – and their leadership in all realms of human endeavor. It is our firmly held expectation that admission criteria will always produce incoming Class VI and IVB students who are well prepared for the rigor of the BLS curriculum and who are ready to embrace the challenge that expectation of high achievement carries.

We urge you to rethink this secret process immediately and allow a broader community conversation. This matter impacts the lives of thousands of Boston families and through them the entire city. The future of an historic national institution cannot be the province of a group which, to date, has lacked fair representation of all stakeholders working behind closed doors.

Sincerely,

Charmane Higgins '87
BLSA Board Chair

Peter G. Kelly '83
BLSA President


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Comments

An "alumni group" for a high school? A *public* high school?

They are stakeholders how? Their opinion matters why?

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BLS is one of the few public schools with an endowment, raised in large part by the BLSA, and it goes towards the sort of facilities and programs that help make BLS what it is and that BPS does not pay for.

The group also gives scholarships to graduating seniors. This year, they gave out something like $830,000 in scholarships (disclosure: my daughter got one, and, yes, we're quite grateful for it).

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I assume that the alumni group has a racially diverse membership, including, I think, at least one of the signers of the letter? That suggests they have a legitimate interest in increasing opportunities for access to BLS. To me the letter outlines how this can be accomplished while maintaining the standards they all were able to meet.

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"at least one of the signers of the letter"....

Reminds me of the racist that says "I can't be racist! I have 1 black friend...see??"

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The letter had two signers, the two top officials of the group, one of whom, yes, is black.

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Black alums have also supported the Black at BLS students.

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You have gotten a whole lot nicer all of a sudden, did the alumni association finally get fed up and tell you they'll pull that scholarship if you don't stop pissing down the well you used to drink out of for the past four years?

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Too late, pal: We've already deposited her award check.

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If they raise millions for a public school then their opinion is obviously more important than the joe-schmo taxpayers' who've been paying a few billion over the years. We should do what they say.

God bless Boston Latin for coming up with an exclusive system that allows a small number of city-dwellers to live the lifestyle of the western suburbanites, at half the price.

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No, they don't have more of a say than anybody else, but the fact that they care enough about the school to raise all that money at least entitles them to some say.

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All high schools - private and public - have had some of its grateful alumni show its appreciation to its alma mater in form of donations, equipment, and scholarships. Nothing new under the sun.

The BLS alumni has a stake in keeping their school rigorous and their reputation stellar. They see that there outside forces intending to remove that rigor and reputation, so their opinion matters TONS.

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Funny how bringing up issues of equality in educational opportunity always results in terrified reactions about RIGOR and REPUTATION, but never a broad based movement to improve the schools across the board such that FAIRNESS is maintained along with RIGOR and REPUTATION.

I wonder where that rigor really is - somewhere between the hallowed ears of some alunmi? Given their test scores fetish, likely so.

This is a public school, funded by the public, belonging to the public. It is nice that they have their club, but how many are actual educators in large city school systems? How many realize the limitations of standardized tests? How many are actually working to remediate the inequities that may restrict access to talented but poorly prepared kids? How many are trying to make the system fair and excellent rather than maintain their exclusive enclave of economic privilege on the public dime?

It would be interesting to see what more they do beyond raise money and complain about "rigor and reputation" without much support from modern understandings of what constitutes aptitude.

Because, absent actual efforts to improve the chances that talented kids get a fair shake regardless of where they start, this is yet another way that, as my mom used to say, "them that has, gets". (AKA "I got mine so eff you"; or, in some cases "I had a bad experience during the busing crisis so I'm going to pretend it is about rigor and reputation").

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They have some specific examples of how to increase black and Hispanic enrollment at BLS short of changing the entrance requirements (not saying BPS shouldn't look at a more college-like entrance system that includes more than just scores, but setting up a secret study group that includes absolutely no one involved in the school in question seems the wrong way to go about things, as well).

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You see, unlike, say, Medford, Boston has several high schools, some of which require vetting to attend. This one in particular has a reputation for sending kids to Harvard. Therefore, those who went before do care about the reputation and vigor of the school.

Or they can give up and move to the suburbs, like some of the commenters here.

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When I see these BLS articles I almost wish there was a filter that would block commentators who did not attend/did not send kids to BLS. The suburban busy bodies with no experience at BLS, or BPS for that matter, sound like utter morons.

The people on here thinking that the BLSA is some small time PTA group raising a few bucks at a bake sale should really take a seat.

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I am neither and alum nor a parent.

I am, however, a resident and taxpayer of the City of Boston. We have 4 gems in BLS, BLA (the one I got into but didn't attend), O'Bryant, and Fenway Arts Academy (no, they don't take the ISEE, but admissions are competitive), with BLS being the crown jewel. As others note, we need to bolster K-6 throughout the city so that all students have a shot at admission.

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Goddamn suburbanites are getting in again.

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@SwirlyGrrl - With all due respect, please get off your high horse. I was one of those poor minorities who had a single mom and lived in the public projects of Boston. You don't know anything about the school and you don't speak for "my kind" at all. Boston Latin School saved my family from poverty and I am damn eternally grateful. The school is insanely rigorous and the alumni association helps the poor kids keep up. Take away the association, and the poor kids will sink. The alumni association helped pay for a ton of things poor kids like me could never fund on our own--after school tutoring, test prep classes, extracurricular programs, and scholarships. I had to do some work study and take out tiny loans, but the alumni association helped me walk out of college virtually debt free.

To be honest, that alumni letter was the only common sense approach mentioned by anyone. The mayor and superintendent and these civil right lawyers don't have the faintest idea what they're doing.

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Zoey Jane: I attended BLA from 1984 to 1990, when it was across from Fenway Park in a dilapidated old mail building. BLS had a gym and an audtorium...we had an ersatz gym and/or had to go to the Fens. Everything was falling apart, but that didn't stop me or any of the others from getting a better education than from, say CM or any of the other high schools. (The bonus, though, was watching the Red Sox screen during baseball season until the teachers rolled the window shade down).

Rigor is a harsh and immediate reality at these exam schools. From the second you step in as a seventh grader ("sixie"), teachers will expect far more from you in an exam school versus a non-exam school. It was a very regular occurrence for those who couldn't hack it to leave or be kicked out. Some people couldn't care less; others saw it as a mark of shame, but ended up doing much better elsewhere.

The alumni association knows this very well - and if they're concerned that these groups are attempting to undermine the exam schools, they have every right to voice it. Their opinion that they money they're donating may eventually be wasted or misused matters a LOT when it currently helps others to succeed.

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You are obviously not from around here but congrats, you've found a great place to learn about the city.

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Where you came from, maybe they bused kids back and forth to regional high schools that got recombined somewhere else every few decades. Maybe you came from a town where every kid who found success in life did so by leaving and never coming back. Boston is not one of those places, and BLS is not one of those schools. Boston Latin School is not a temporary phenomenon subject to reorganization through redistricting. It's an institution older than just about anything around here.

Things Boston Latin School is older than:
-every other public school in the country
-the country
-every school district in the country, including BPS
-Suffolk County
-the State of Massachusetts
-the Province of Massachusetts Bay
-Harvard

The BLSA is relatively new, having been formed in 1844 to raise funds for the school library. It wasn't until the 1980s that it took on its current form - with a full-time staff, a foundation (later folded back in), persistent alumni outreach, and significant fundraising to support the BLS in an ongoing fashion.

The BLSA was the first foundation supporting a public school, but it's no longer the only one; there are hundreds of them now, across the country. Massachusetts alone has more than forty. Wherever you moved here from, there's probably one there now.

Any one of these foundations would probably step up and say something if it caught wind of some secret group threatening to screw up the school(s) they support.

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Because America is a free society and everyone is allowed to have an opinion. Believe it ir not, I am not surprised that in 2016 America, you do not understand this. Why do you have an opinion if you believe that not everybody's opinion should count? Are you in some elite cabal? Many Americans still believe that the position should go to the most qualified applicant, that merit should be a factor. Yes, that mindset is changing, but it is not obsolete yet.

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Would somebody please tell these carpet baggers that the history of this school explains itself.
Can we as parents and Bostonians have at least 1 school to be proud of.
The process is very simple. STUDY!!!
For parents. Be involved with your children. Check homework. Have a curfew.
You are teaching your children nothing by allowing the crutch of using color to achieve achievement.

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Many of the kids we're talking about have roots as deep in Boston as yours, I'm betting.

We could discuss some of the reasons why many of these kids have disadvantages right off the bat, but I'd need some evidence you'd be willing to consider them, and somebody who uses a phrase like "carpetbagger" probably isn't going to want to hear them.

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''When I entered Boston Latin School in the seventh grade, Headmaster, Dr. Wilfred O’Leary, famously asked us to look at the person sitting to our right and left and told us that only one of the three of us would be around at graduation as seniors. He went on to tell us that if we wanted to be that “one”, “work plus desire equals success”. it is a universal truth !

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BPS, your K-6 sucks. If you did a better job with that, the problem would go away.

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correct. BPS educates many students well. In fact, a good number of them go on to exam schools! I refuse to let this important issue of equity and fairness in exam school admissions be a reason to dump on BPS and throw all sorts of unwarranted insults at a system that has many good schools.

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What do you mean by do a better job?

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If better K-6 schools lead to a reversal of white flight as well as producing more 6th graders capable of testing into exam schools, the disparity in black/Hispanic enrollment in exam schools vs. BPS population at large would be reduced from both ends.

There's an enormous amount of complacency in the system right now, bolstered by the dogma that standardized tests only show the socio-economic status of parents. If that's the case, why should teachers even try? Whatever happens, it's not their fault is not a good motivational mantra.

There is plenty of room for the BPS to improve its exam school success rate. The BLSA points to several initiatives that should work in that direction. Instead of complaining about the predominantly white, private-school kids who come back into the system to go to BLS, produce public-school kids who better compete with them.

The problem is best addressed by an overhaul of K-6 education in this city; that's where the problem lies, and that's where the solution will be found.

One additional thing the BPS could do to increase the exam school participation rate among BPS students is get rid of all the K-5 schools and all the K-8 schools: make all BPS elementary schools K-6 schools. If all the students in the city were already in the process of picking a new school for grade 7, more of them would apply to the exam schools, and more would go.

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Before you simply admit that 90% of your whining amounts to "I don't wan't my kids going to school with black kids".

We all know that you came from one of the most racist areas of the country (rural PA and WV) and these contorted gymnastics are based in your underlying belief that black people are fundamentally inferior and any amount of "helping" them over that "genetic" inferiority is "unfair".

Put down the Bell Curve (its been discredited) and own it, so you can get over it.

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I wonder who you think this handle belongs to. A friend of yours, perhaps?

I don't talk about my biography online, but I will tell you I have never lived in rural Pennsylvania or West Virginia. Nor have I, or anyone else in my family, ever attended a school without black children. That is really not a problem for me and mine.

I believe in the mission of exam schools, in Boston and elsewhere. I believe that academically gifted kids of every background deserve a place to learn that meets their needs, instead of pitching classes to the lowest common denominator.

If you closed exam schools, or removed accomplishment and merit from their admissions protocol, the children most hurt would be poor children. Rich kids would just keep going to private schools, or wealthy suburban schools.

So why do you hate smart poor kids so much, that you want to take away their best hope? Why do you hate Boston so much, that you want to give the middle class another reason to leave?

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I attended one of these exam schools. And watched racism, play out. All the smart, foreign or black, hispanic children attend Latin or O'Bryant. The Chestnut Hill and wealthy white, or immigrant asians attend Boston Latin. Because this mostly white school, obtains millions of dollars in private donations, from extremely wealthy white people. Not the other exam schools. They are in Roxbury. They get little of the money.

That school is old and cherished. I met a man, that makes millions, and his son played football, went to that school. Free college.

I seen the account myself. Seen the checks sent.
You are correct admit more blacks and latin. Watch the whites leave, and the money stop.

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The letter from the lawyers cited a 19% exam school application rate for black students, and about 19% of exam school students are black. Yet only 9% of BLS students are black.

This supports what you point out as a lack of preference for BLS among black students. According to the stats, and experiences like yours, the low rate of black attendance at BLS is caused less by black applicants not being accepted, but more by black students choosing not to go - it's a form of voluntary self-segregation, like all the black kids sitting together at lunch.

Please don't misunderstand me; I see this as a serious problem, deserving of remediation. Although I would oppose lowering admissions standards, I would support making a substantial effort to change the perception, and any underlying reality, that BLS is not a good school to go to if you're black or Hispanic. I'm not sure all what that would entail, at the school itself, in terms of curricular enhancement or extra-curricular support, but it certainly calls for greater outreach and even frank recruiting efforts to make sure the most qualified black and Hispanic applicants want to choose BLS.

I do disagree with you entirely about the expectations of students and parents; no white students will be leaving because they have to sit next to a black kid in AP calculus, or get schooled by a bunch of fully bilingual Hispanic kids in AP Spanish.

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Standardized testing is over used and undervalidated. It is not objective, never has been, never will be.

Strongest correlations are with income. Period.

Pull your head out and face the facts, instead of just declaring decades of research to be "dogma" with a wave of your hand.

http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/mar99/vol56/num0...'t-Measure-Educational-Quality.aspx

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?as_ylo=2012&q=standardized+testing+an...

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From the links your search pops up:

First in line, a study showing that test scores are not the only measures of academic accomplishment correlated with socio-economic status.

Finding 2: Income gaps in other measures of education success have grown as well.
Academic achievement, as measured by standardized test scores, is not the only education outcome for which disparities between high-income and low-income students have been growing. The college-completion rate among children from high-income families has grown sharply in the last few decades, whereas the completion rate for students from low-income families has barely moved (Bailey & Dynarski, 2011). Moreover, high- income students make up an increasing share of the enrollment at the most selective colleges and universities (Reardon, Baker, & Klasik, 2012)—even when compared with low-income students with similar test scores and academic records (Bailey & Dynarski, 2011; Belley & Lochner, 2007; Karen, 2002).

A related trend during the last 20 years is the growing social-class gap in other important measures of adolescents' "soft skills" and behaviors related to civic engagement, such as participating in extracurricular activities, sports, and academic clubs; volunteering and participating in community life; and self-reports of social trust (Putnam, Frederick, & Snellman, 2012).

So your first support for your argument instead demonstrates that test scores are actually not an outlier in terms of academic achievement; many other measures show the same difference related to SES. Thanks! I didn't know that.

Second up, the abstract of a study associating child poverty, brain development, and academic performance.

Results Poverty is tied to structural differences in several areas of the brain associated with school readiness skills, with the largest influence observed among children from the poorest households. Regional gray matter volumes of children below 1.5 times the federal poverty level were 3 to 4 percentage points below the developmental norm (P < .05). A larger gap of 8 to 10 percentage points was observed for children below the federal poverty level (P < .05). These developmental differences had consequences for children’s academic achievement. On average, children from low-income households scored 4 to 7 points lower on standardized tests (P < .05). As much as 20% of the gap in test scores could be explained by maturational lags in the frontal and temporal lobes.

Conclusions and Relevance The influence of poverty on children’s learning and achievement is mediated by structural brain development. To avoid long-term costs of impaired academic functioning, households below 150% of the federal poverty level should be targeted for additional resources aimed at remediating early childhood environments.

Is it possible that you would rather argue against directing resources to remediate early childhood environments? It sounds like a great idea to me, with much better potential than just ignoring test scores.

Third comes the abstract of a study about MCAT and bias, whose results include:

This analysis showed that black and Latino examinees’ mean MCAT scores are lower than white examinees’, mirroring differences on other standardized admission tests and in the average undergraduate grades of medical school applicants. However, there was no evidence that the MCAT exam is biased against black and Latino applicants as determined by their subsequent performance on selected medical school performance indicators.

Subsequent performance meaning that when they accepted kids who did poorly on the MCAT, they did poorly in med school too. Unfair?

Next comes a study about vocabulary development and SES, which states:

One way in which parents’ SES may influence the next generation is via early vocabulary development and subsequent educational attainment. That is, parents’ SES has been linked to children’s academic achievement and cognitive and language development...

This makes sense, given that a huge part of these standardized tests is vocabulary and word usage. If you hang around with a bunch of PhDs all day, you will hear more words, used correctly, than you will hanging around with a bunch of dropouts. Also, books.

Then comes a fascinating study linking student performance and the "greenness" of the area around the school.

Overall the study results supported a relationship between the “greenness” of the school area and the school-wide academic performance. Interestingly, the results showed a consistently positive significant association between the greenness of the school in the Spring (when most Massachusetts students take the MCAS tests) and school-wide performance on both English and Math tests, even after adjustment for socio-economic factors and urban residency.

I have my doubts about this one; I'd like to see how well they adjusted for socio-economic factors and urban residency, since common experience tells us that richer schools have more trees around them. But if the study is right, then kids could get a boost on the MCAS just from planting more flowers around the schools!

So thanks for that link (I honestly didn't know there was such a thing as "google scholar." I'm too old.)

The studies go on, and they look like fascinating stuff - you should read some of them sometime. What most of them have in common is that they look for reasons that test scores correlate with SES. The correlation is there, but - contrary to your dogmatic assertion - the studies all show tests aren't just measuring SES. The studies show that the tests measure the result of social factors that are also correlated to SES (but not entirely determined by SES).

The studies you linked to here show many factors that go into test scores, including the vocabulary children learn, brain damage caused by the stress of poverty, the positive effect of a greener environment... yes, these root causes of the poor scores do correlate to SES (and let's not forget we fund schools in this country mostly by local property taxes). These factors result in less knowledge, and worse reasoning skills, which is what the test results then display.

The best conclusion to reach from this all is that we should focus on the causes of low test scores, in their correlation with low SES. Declaring that the tests don't matter is a complete cop-out. It lets bad schools off the hook, it codifies low expectations for poor kids, and it consigns further generations to failure. These test scores do measure something. They measure the knowledge and reasoning skills resulting from our current system. Instead of writing poor kids off, like you propose, we should expect more. More from kids, more from parents, from teachers, from schools, and from society.

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Nice try, though.

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Eliminate the Metco program and thousands of young black scholars would take the test and enter BLS. Expand the Metco program to white students who would leave BLS by the hundreds opening up seats for minority students

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Ever wonder why minority kids in Metco get to go to suburban high schools? Metco is a two-way street: The suburbs specifically want minority kids to give their own students the benefits of the sort of diversity they'd never get otherwise. The last thing Lexington wants from Boston is more white kids.

At the same time, you wouldn't see many changes at BLS even if, somehow, white kids could get into Metco, because BLS is that rarest of things: A Boston school in incredibly high demand. There are people who buy a house or condo in Boston specifically to meet the residency requirement for BLS (and will promptly sell that house or condo if the kid doesn't make it). People with less wherewithal will have their kids move in with a grandparent or aunt who still lives in Boston. So short of BLS completely changing, you're back to trying other ways to increase minority enrollment there.

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environment as the vast majority of Lexington Concord (to name 2 wealthy suburbs), whether those Lexington Concord kids be white, Asian, Hispanic, black, etc. Socioeconomically well off kids would benefit from interacting on a regular basis with kids, regardless of skin color, who live on the other side of the tracks and vice-versa. Our society here in America, especially in places like metro Boston, have become very stratified based on socioeconomics, which creates an unhealthy environment and a lot if misunderstandings and tensions.

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You keep stating as fact several opinions which you (and others) have about the METCO program and its impact on the BPS system.

First, contrary to what you say, if one runs the numbers with reasonable assumptions (eg METCO students are somewhat more likely to test at exam school levels - say one out of three; that if they chose to attend the exam schools it would be in roughly equal numbers; etc), then the inclusion of METCO students into the BPS population would indeed change the racial percentages at the exam schools, including BLS, to something significantly closer to the general school-age demo in Boston.

The other opinion which you have previously stated as though it were fact, is that suburban schools take METCO students because they want "to give their own students the benefits of the sort of diversity they'd never get otherwise."

Aside from the somewhat distasteful implication that METCO is being used as a 'safe petting zoo of dark skinned people', there is the pestering fact that Boston actually pays those suburban school districts to take students! So many of our more educationally-motivated families are diverted to schools outside our city, and we get to pay for the 'privilege' (pun intended).

Methinks that although a twisted sort of altruism may play a part, it is primarily this monetary benefit that incentivizes those suburban communities to participate in METCO.

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Boston doesn't pay for kids to attend schools via METCO. It is funded by the Commonwealth, without any offset.

As for the "petting zoo" comment, I think the idea is that exposure to a more diverse demographic in the classroom is the goal. How they succeed in moving it to social settings ( the cafeteria) can be debated, but the goal is admirable.

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You're right - METCO money comes from the state and the recieving communities. I was mistaken about the funding source.

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While my only stake in this is a better educated public, why not require METCO applicants to also go through the exam school entry process, if they don't already? I'm not saying that they would be required to attend an exam school over METCO but at least you'd have a larger pool to offer acceptance. I agree with the above posters who suggest METCO must be looked at as part of the problem and solution. It's almost akin to when a new team is added in professional sports, the "expansion draft" allows the new team to take great players from the existing teams. METCO took some of the best players from BPS and maybe it's time to get some back.

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Hey, don't take my word for why Metco exists, though. Why not see what the state (which pays for the program) says:

The Metco Program is a grant program funded by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It is a voluntary program intended to expand educational opportunities, increase diversity, and reduce racial isolation, by permitting students in certain cities to attend public schools in other communities that have agreed to participate.

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I'm not accusing you of meaning it, but the way you wrote it really could be taken the wrong way. Think 'kimono'

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Does Lexington have a wall around it? Is there something stopping a Lexington family from going out to dinner on Dot Ave on the weekend? Is there something stopping a Lexington kid from playing sports or music or performing theater with non-white Bostonians? Why do we need a government-run school to force diversity onto kids?

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It's beautiful. It's made of money.

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Time inside a school, plus time in any extracurriculars, you know, having to actually deal with people for several hours a day for four years, is a bit more intense and intensive than strolling down Dot. Ave., as interesting an experience as that can be.

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In the public schools of Burlington, VT, where I learned alongside a handful of black people, even fewer Latinos, but a bunch of folks from Bosnia and Vietnam.

Did you read "The Blind Side?" Best part of the book was about the demographics of Memphis. "Millions of people, making hundreds of millions of individual choices, yielded a result not much different than what forced segregation had created."

Two things stop non-white people with the means to do so from living in Lexington:

1) Racist banks and/or landlords

2) The lack of desire by non-white people to live in Lexington

I'm sure there's no shortage of enterprising lawyers around here who would quickly pounce on 1, and the government has no business in 2.

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Lexington is 20% Asian.

What is keeping more people from living in Lexington is that it is really expensive to live in Lexington.

Please don't compare Burlington to Boston in terms of demographics.

I would take living in the North End of Burlington (The area just north of Pearl Street), supposedly the bad part of Burlington, any day over having to grow up again taking the Red Line home from school at 3:00 in the afternoon and avoiding the knuckle draggers, both black and white, that filled up my neighborhood.

I'm glad you got to run shoulders with kids black, white, magenta, etcetera, I did do, at BLS. The thing is, those who graduated worked on merit and not the color of their skin.

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Oh good Lord, I would never compare the two on demographics. The black population of BVT is growing, but that's not African Americans, that's Sudanese and other immigrants.

BHS is public like BLS, but does not call for an entrance exam. Minorities graduate on merit too, but they didn't get in on merit, they got in because their family found a place to live in Burlington.

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If the answer was less than two, you would be wiser not comparing the two cities and their high schools.

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A public one and a Catholic one.

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And the other was a public one.

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Schools that are more integrated and diverse improve results for all kids. It is schools where kids interact the most, not a visit to Dorchester for dinner. When schools are more diverse, Black and Latino kids benefit from improved academic outcomes, as do White and Asian kids. Actually, White kids benefit the most:

This study attempted to untangle how two dimensions of school racial/ethnic composition—racial/ethnic diversity of the student body and racial/ethnic matching between children and their peers—were related to socioemotional and academic development after the transition into elementary school. Analysis of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort revealed that school racial/ethnic composition was more strongly associated with children’s academic, as opposed to socioemotional, outcomes. Students had higher achievement test scores in more diverse schools, especially when they also had more same-racial/ethnic peers in these diverse schools. These patterns were particularly strong for White students. Having more school peers of the same race/ethnicity, regardless of the overall level of diversity in the school, was associated with positive socioemotional development.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4554342/

BTW, this is just one of a multitude of studies that shows improved academic outcome the more integrated a school is. It is this scientific consensus that the Supreme Court accepted as part of the recent ruling for UT's affirmative action program.

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As proven by decades of busing.

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Busing didn't create diversity, bonehead. Scared white people running away made sure of that.

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If Garrity had enacted a desegregation system like those used in other parts of the country, he would have included suburban school systems as well. But he didn't.

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Boston Public Schools that became less White and more predominantly Black through bussing are not well integrated. Due to the well known "White flight" phenomenon. Find a study that says otherwise.

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